Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) investing has become a transformative force in global capital markets, shaping investment decisions and corporate behavior. While ESG integration is well-established in developed economies, its adoption in emerging markets is uneven, marked by both significant opportunities and distinct challenges. This paper investigates the role of ESG investing in two major emerging regions-India and Africa. Through empirical analysis, case studies, and stakeholder interviews, we compare the regulatory frameworks, financial performance, risk mitigation, and sectoral opportunities of ESG investing in both regions. The study concludes by assessing which region currently offers the more compelling ESG investment landscape and provides recommendations for policymakers and investors.

Keywords: Environmental, Social, Governance, ESG, India, Africa, Markets.

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